Understanding Taxiing in Aircraft Operation

Movement of an aircraft on the ground, under its own power.

Taxiing is a critical phase of any flight operation. It involves moving an aircraft on the ground under its own power, from one location on an airport to another. This article will cover the taxiway layout, signs, and markings, standard taxiing procedures, and safety measures during taxiing.

Understanding the Taxiway

The taxiway is the "road" that airplanes use to move around on the ground at an airport. It connects runways with ramps, hangars, terminals, and other facilities. Taxiways are identified by alphanumeric characters and are marked with yellow lines.

There are several signs and markings on the taxiway to guide pilots, including:

• Direction signs: These yellow signs with black text indicate the direction of taxiing routes.
• Location signs: These black signs with yellow text identify the taxiway on which the aircraft is currently located.
• Mandatory instruction signs: These red signs with white text denote an entrance to a runway or a critical area that aircraft are not allowed to enter without permission.

Taxiing Procedures

Before taxiing, pilots must obtain clearance from the control tower. Once clearance is received, pilots can start taxiing at a safe speed, typically not exceeding 20 knots.

While taxiing, pilots must maintain control of the aircraft by using the rudder pedals to steer and the brakes to control speed. They must also remain vigilant of their surroundings and other aircraft.

Communication with the control tower is crucial during taxiing. Pilots must report their position and intentions and listen for instructions or updates from air traffic control.

Safety During Taxiing

Safety is paramount during taxiing. Pilots must avoid runway incursions, which occur when an aircraft, vehicle, or person enters the protected area of a runway without authorization.

To prevent runway incursions, pilots should:

• Always be aware of their location on the airport surface.
• Comply with all air traffic control instructions.
• Never cross a hold line without explicit air traffic control clearance.

In conclusion, taxiing is a vital part of flight operations that requires a thorough understanding of the taxiway layout, signs, and markings, adherence to standard procedures, and a strong emphasis on safety. By mastering these aspects, pilots can ensure smooth and safe ground operations.